Thailand’s Universal Coverage Scheme Reformation

Physical wellbeing is key to a good life, and accessible healthcare services are fundamental to achieving it. In line with the global mission to advance universal healthcare coverage, Thailand is reforming its national healthcare system under the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS).

Thailand’s Healthcare System

Universal healthcare coverage (UHC) aims to provide equal opportunities for people to achieve the highest state of health possible by allowing access to healthcare when and where needed without causing financial hardship.

Thailand started developing a national UHC program in 2002 by launching the 30-baht healthcare scheme. The system requires patients to pay 30 baht (around USD 1) for service fees per visit.

Since then, many adjustments have been made as the system develops, including revoking the 30 baht fee requirement in 2006. Despite the fee removal, most people still refer to this program by its initial name.

Universal Coverage Scheme

Twenty-two years after its inception, Thailand’s government decided to reform the healthcare system under the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS). The reformation highlights digitalization and health data integration across multiple hospitals and clinics to expand accessibility and cut waiting time.

Previously, patients must first come to their registry hospital before they can transfer to other hospitals, which may have more suitable facilities and be nearer. As a result, many patients feel discouraged from seeking treatments, especially those living far from their registry hospitals.

The new Universal Coverage Scheme allows patients to get health services in any health unit registered under the scheme. They only need to show their identification card at the chosen health facility.

The pilot project for UCS rolled out in January 2024 in four provinces and received positive responses from the healthcare sector and the public. This phase successfully established partnerships with 541 private health units, opened more access to primary healthcare, and accelerated data integration for reimbursement and identity verification.

The National Health Security Office continued expanding the program’s coverage to 46 provinces in three phases throughout 2024. The fourth and final phase began on January 1, 2025, broadening services to the last 31 provinces in the country.

Data and Technology for Healthcare

Amidst the increasing health threats from climate change and other crises, countries are responsible for building a resilient and inclusive healthcare system for all. Digitalization and integrated data become important in building this strong infrastructure and system, which can be achieved through robust collaborations between governments, businesses, and civil society.

Kresentia Madina

Reporter at Green Network Asia | Website | + posts

Madina is the Assistant Manager of Stakeholder Engagement at Green Network Asia. She holds a bachelor’s degree in English Studies from Universitas Indonesia. As part of the GNA In-House Team, she supports the organization's multi-stakeholder engagement across international organizations, governments, businesses, civil society, and grassroots communities through digital publications, events, capacity building, and research.